[695] | 1 | # $Id$ |
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| 2 | |
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[952] | 3 | PyKota - Print Quota for CUPS and LPRng |
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[695] | 4 | |
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[1257] | 5 | (c) 2003-2004 Jerome Alet <alet@librelogiciel.com> |
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[873] | 6 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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| 7 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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| 8 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
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| 9 | (at your option) any later version. |
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[695] | 10 | |
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[873] | 11 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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| 12 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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| 13 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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| 14 | GNU General Public License for more details. |
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[695] | 15 | |
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[873] | 16 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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| 17 | along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
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| 18 | Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. |
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| 19 | |
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[761] | 20 | ==================================================================== |
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[695] | 21 | |
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[1052] | 22 | READ SPECIAL LICENSING AND REDISTRIBUTION TERMS IN THE FILE 'LICENSE' |
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[761] | 23 | |
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| 24 | ==================================================================== |
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| 25 | |
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[1154] | 26 | PyKota features : |
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| 27 | ----------------- |
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[695] | 28 | |
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[1154] | 29 | Operating systems : |
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| 30 | |
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| 31 | - Any Unix-like system as print server. |
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| 32 | |
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| 33 | - Any operating system as client. |
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| 34 | |
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| 35 | Printing systems : |
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| 36 | |
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[1283] | 37 | - Supports both CUPS and LPRng as the printing system. |
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[1561] | 38 | |
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[1154] | 39 | Databases : |
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| 40 | |
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| 41 | - Supports PostgreSQL as the Quota Storage backend. |
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[1283] | 42 | Complete database creation script in SQL is included. |
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[1043] | 43 | |
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[1154] | 44 | - Supports OpenLDAP as the Quota Storage backend. |
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[1475] | 45 | Complete LDAP schema and sample empty tree are included. |
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[1160] | 46 | Plugging PyKota into your existing LDAP infrastructure |
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| 47 | is really easy thanks to PyKota's great configurability. |
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| 48 | |
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[1154] | 49 | Printers : |
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| 50 | |
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[1475] | 51 | - Hardware or Software accounting methods are completely |
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| 52 | configurable. |
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| 53 | |
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[1154] | 54 | - Supports any printer which can report its internal |
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[1475] | 55 | page counter. Can ask printers for their internal |
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[1561] | 56 | page counter via SNMP, Netatalk, PJL, PS, or any |
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| 57 | other way. |
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[1475] | 58 | This is completely configurable. |
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[1154] | 59 | |
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[1701] | 60 | - Supports DSC compliant and binary PostScript, PDF, PCL5 (up to), |
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[1689] | 61 | PCLXL (aka PCL6) and ESC/P2 printers natively for software |
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[1575] | 62 | accounting methods. More formats to come. |
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[1154] | 63 | |
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| 64 | Quota systems : |
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| 65 | |
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[1260] | 66 | - Supports printers and printers groups quotas. |
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[739] | 67 | |
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[1260] | 68 | - Supports users and users groups quotas. |
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| 69 | |
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[1154] | 70 | - Supports page quotas. |
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| 71 | Page quotas can be set differently on a per printer |
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| 72 | and per user/group basis. |
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[739] | 73 | |
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[1154] | 74 | - Supports account balance quotas in any currency. |
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| 75 | Account balance quotas can be set on a per user |
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| 76 | basis. The account balance is shared amongst |
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[1561] | 77 | all printers. The history of payments (positive |
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| 78 | or negative credits to an user account) is kept. |
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[980] | 79 | |
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[1610] | 80 | - Page quotas and account balance can be set/reset |
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[1154] | 81 | independantly. |
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| 82 | |
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[1603] | 83 | - Page quotas and account balances can be set on |
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| 84 | a per user or per group basis. |
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[1154] | 85 | |
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| 86 | - Price per page and per job can be set differently |
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| 87 | on any printer. |
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[794] | 88 | |
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[1154] | 89 | - Low level of page quota or account balance are |
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| 90 | configurable. |
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[739] | 91 | |
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[1154] | 92 | - Both soft and hard limit with configurable grace delay |
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| 93 | can be set for page quota. |
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[900] | 94 | |
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[1154] | 95 | - Possibility to disable quota enforcement for any user |
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| 96 | or group, while still keeping page accounting. |
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| 97 | |
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| 98 | Administration : |
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| 99 | |
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| 100 | - Powerful administration tools can be used to |
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| 101 | automate setting or resetting of quotas or |
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| 102 | account balances at specific intervals. |
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[925] | 103 | |
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[1154] | 104 | - Administration tools can modify several users, |
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| 105 | groups, or printers at once. |
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[925] | 106 | |
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[1154] | 107 | - Account balances can be set, incremented, or |
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[1580] | 108 | decremented. History of payments is kept. |
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[1153] | 109 | |
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[1273] | 110 | - Both printers and users can be automatically added on |
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| 111 | first print in a completely configurable way. |
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[1154] | 112 | |
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| 113 | - Quota report generator available either from the |
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| 114 | command line or in any web browser. |
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| 115 | The web-based quota report generator can be |
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| 116 | user/password protected. |
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| 117 | |
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| 118 | - Print quote generator can tell users how much |
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| 119 | a print job will cost them in advance. |
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| 120 | |
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| 121 | - Policy with regard to unregistered users can |
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| 122 | be configured for each printer to either deny |
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| 123 | printing, allow printing, or delegate the |
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| 124 | decision to any external tool. |
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| 125 | |
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| 126 | - Warning and error messages can be automatically |
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| 127 | sent via email to the administrator, the user, |
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| 128 | both, or none. |
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| 129 | |
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| 130 | - Warning and error messages' content is completely |
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| 131 | configurable. |
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| 132 | |
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| 133 | - Configuration can be changed without needing to |
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| 134 | restart the printing system. |
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[739] | 135 | |
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[1154] | 136 | - Complete print job history is kept. This can be |
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| 137 | disabled if needed. |
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| 138 | |
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| 139 | - Automated low quota or balance remainder can be |
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| 140 | scheduled regularly or launched manually. |
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| 141 | |
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[1744] | 142 | - Powerful data dumper to export datas to other |
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| 143 | software (spreadsheets for example). |
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| 144 | |
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[1155] | 145 | User Interface : |
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| 146 | |
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[1154] | 147 | - All the command line tools accept the -h | --help |
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| 148 | command line option which prints all the available |
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| 149 | options and show usage examples. |
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[1155] | 150 | |
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| 151 | - Completely internationalized. Actually supports the |
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[1648] | 152 | English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Brasilian, Swedish, |
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[1671] | 153 | Thai, Greek, German, and Italian languages. More to come. |
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[1154] | 154 | |
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| 155 | ==================================================================== |
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| 156 | |
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[739] | 157 | Planned features are described in the TODO file. |
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| 158 | |
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[1507] | 159 | Actually two (or an infinity of) page accounting methods are |
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[980] | 160 | implemented : |
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[695] | 161 | |
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[1475] | 162 | - The 'hardware' method consists in querying the printer (via SNMP |
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[1181] | 163 | or Netatalk or any other method of your choice) for its total pages |
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[1186] | 164 | counter. |
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[980] | 165 | |
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[1600] | 166 | This is done both at the beginning and at the end of a |
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[1186] | 167 | print job. The counters difference is then immediately used to |
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| 168 | decrease the user's account balance or increase his quota usage. |
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| 169 | |
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[1475] | 170 | - The 'software' method consists in delegating the computation of the |
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[980] | 171 | job's size in number of pages to any external command of your choice. |
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| 172 | The command can read the job's data from its standard input and MUST |
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[1186] | 173 | output the job's size on its standard output. Changes to the user |
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[1600] | 174 | account are reported immediately. |
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[980] | 175 | |
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[1600] | 176 | PyKota is known to work fine with most laser printers, either with |
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| 177 | software accounting, or with hardware accounting if the printer |
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| 178 | supports this. |
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[724] | 179 | |
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[695] | 180 | ============================================================ |
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| 181 | |
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| 182 | INSTALLATION: |
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| 183 | ============= |
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| 184 | |
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[1186] | 185 | NB : |
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| 186 | ==== |
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[887] | 187 | |
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[1397] | 188 | You may learn more about PyKota, if it fits your own organization, |
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| 189 | its internal working, and some potential performance drawbacks and |
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| 190 | how to avoid them, in a WiKi administered by Ryan Suarez at : |
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| 191 | |
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| 192 | http://webcrossing.macosxlabs.org/webx?14@30.QAu3a5k0c4z.7@.26bf4661 |
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[1034] | 193 | |
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[1651] | 194 | You may also find the following document interesting : |
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| 195 | |
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| 196 | http://es.tldp.org/Tutoriales/doc-openldap-samba-cups-python/ |
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| 197 | |
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| 198 | This document, written in Spanish by Sergio Gonzalez Gonzalez, |
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| 199 | describes the integration of PyKota into an OpenLDAP + Samba |
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| 200 | + CUPS installation. Even for people who can't read spanish |
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| 201 | this document is really interesting, and contains lots of |
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| 202 | screenshots. |
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| 203 | |
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[714] | 204 | Prerequisite : |
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| 205 | -------------- |
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| 206 | |
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| 207 | You need to have the following tools installed on the CUPS Server : |
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| 208 | |
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[952] | 209 | - CUPS or LPRng |
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[809] | 210 | - Python v2.1 or above |
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[714] | 211 | - eGenix' mxDateTime Python extension |
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[919] | 212 | - SNMP tools (specifically the snmpget command) if you plan to |
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| 213 | request your printer's lifetime page counter via SNMP. |
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| 214 | - Netatalk (specifically the pap command) if you plan to |
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| 215 | request your printer's lifetime page counter via AppleTalk. |
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[1043] | 216 | - PostgreSQL's PygreSQL Python extension and the PostgreSQL client |
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| 217 | libraries if you plan to use PostgreSQL as the Quota Storage |
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| 218 | backend. |
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| 219 | or |
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| 220 | - python-ldap Python module and the OpenLDAP client libraries |
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| 221 | if you plan to use OpenLDAP as the Quota Storage backend. |
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[714] | 222 | |
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[1571] | 223 | On Intel i386 architecture, and for performance reasons if you |
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[1575] | 224 | print in PCL5 or PCL6 format, it is strongly suggested that you |
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| 225 | install the Python accelerator Psyco, available at : |
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[1570] | 226 | |
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| 227 | http://psyco.sourceforge.net |
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| 228 | |
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[1571] | 229 | Under Debian : |
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| 230 | |
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| 231 | $ apt-get install python-psyco |
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| 232 | |
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| 233 | Other architectures may be supported as well in the future, check |
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[1600] | 234 | this on Psyco's website. |
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[1571] | 235 | |
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[1578] | 236 | Installing Psyco is not mandatory, but it will speedup PCL5 parsing |
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[1570] | 237 | by almost 3 times. PostScript and PDF parsing can also benefit, |
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| 238 | but in an almost unnoticeable manner since this part of the code |
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[1575] | 239 | is already optimal. For PCL5 this is a completely different matter, |
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[1570] | 240 | and if you install Psyco you will never regret it ! |
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[1600] | 241 | Same remark applies for PCL6 (aka PCLXL) : the parser is completely |
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| 242 | different, but the performance gain with Psyco is impressive. |
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[1570] | 243 | |
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[1186] | 244 | You may also benefit from having the following tools installed to |
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| 245 | deal with some printers : |
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| 246 | |
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| 247 | - npadmin |
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| 248 | - netcat |
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| 249 | - ghostscript |
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| 250 | |
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[714] | 251 | You need to have the following tools installed on the Quota Storage |
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| 252 | Server : |
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| 253 | |
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| 254 | - PostgreSQL |
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| 255 | |
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[1043] | 256 | or |
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| 257 | |
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| 258 | - OpenLDAP |
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| 259 | |
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[1086] | 260 | NB : |
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| 261 | |
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| 262 | PygreSQL must be linked with the PostgreSQL client libraries on |
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| 263 | the Print Server. The PostgreSQL client libraries' version must |
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| 264 | match the PostgreSQL version used on the Quota Storage Server. |
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[714] | 265 | |
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[1043] | 266 | or |
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| 267 | |
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[1086] | 268 | python-ldap must be linked with the OpenLDAP client libraries on the |
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| 269 | Print Server. The OpenLDAP client libraries' version must match the |
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| 270 | OpenLDAP version used on the Quota Storage Server. |
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[1043] | 271 | |
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[714] | 272 | This list of prerequisite software may change in the future, when |
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| 273 | PyKota will support more functionnalities you will be given |
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| 274 | alternatives. |
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| 275 | |
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[952] | 276 | Of course the Print Server and the Quota Storage Server can be the |
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[851] | 277 | very same machine if you've got a tiny network, or you can have |
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[952] | 278 | multiple Print Servers all storing their quotas on the same Quota |
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[851] | 279 | Storage Server if you've got a bigger network. |
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| 280 | |
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[714] | 281 | Then : |
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| 282 | ------ |
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| 283 | |
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[724] | 284 | Download the latest PyKota version from the CVS tree on : |
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[695] | 285 | |
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[725] | 286 | http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/pykota |
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[695] | 287 | |
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[714] | 288 | Just type : |
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[695] | 289 | |
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[725] | 290 | python setup.py install |
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[695] | 291 | |
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| 292 | You may need to be logged in with sufficient privileges (e.g. root) |
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| 293 | |
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[878] | 294 | The installation script will now automatically check if some software |
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| 295 | is missing and ask you if you still want to proceed with the |
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| 296 | installation or abort it completely. |
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| 297 | |
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[695] | 298 | Go to the initscripts subdirectory of PyKota's sources, and choose |
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[1600] | 299 | the appropriate storage backend for your configuration. Read carefully |
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[695] | 300 | the associated README file and execute the initialization script |
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[878] | 301 | to create an empty PyKota Storage. Upgrade scripts may be |
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| 302 | provided as well. |
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[695] | 303 | |
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[1186] | 304 | Copy the conf/pykota.conf.sample and conf/pykotadmin.conf.sample |
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[1107] | 305 | sample configuration files to /etc/pykota/pykota.conf and |
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[1600] | 306 | /etc/pykota/pykotadmin.conf (the installation script tries to do |
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| 307 | this for you if needed and you agreed to this action). You need to |
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| 308 | adapt these files to your own needs. Especially you may have to create |
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[1186] | 309 | sections named after your own printers, and change the |
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| 310 | administrator's email address which by default is root@localhost. |
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| 311 | Read and try to understand these two very well commented files, |
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| 312 | so that you'll encounter less problems later. |
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[1198] | 313 | |
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| 314 | Also be sure to double check that commands that query printers |
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[1186] | 315 | for their internal page counter work from the command line |
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| 316 | before using them in PyKota's configuration. |
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[695] | 317 | |
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[1186] | 318 | The rest of the installation depends on your printing system : |
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| 319 | |
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[1185] | 320 | - CUPS Printing System : |
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[952] | 321 | |
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[1185] | 322 | Once and for all : |
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[952] | 323 | |
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[1185] | 324 | Create a symbolic link to the cupspykota backend |
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| 325 | in CUPS's backend directory : |
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| 326 | |
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| 327 | $ cd /usr/lib/cups/backend |
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[1345] | 328 | $ ln -s /usr/share/pykota/cupspykota cupspykota |
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[1185] | 329 | |
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| 330 | Restart CUPS so that the new backend can be detected. |
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| 331 | |
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| 332 | $ /etc/init.d/cupsys restart |
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| 333 | |
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[1600] | 334 | or : |
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| 335 | |
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| 336 | $ /etc/rc.d/init.d/cupsysrestart |
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| 337 | |
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| 338 | or any similar command depending on your operating system. |
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| 339 | |
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[1185] | 340 | For new printers : |
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[952] | 341 | |
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[1185] | 342 | Go to CUPS management interface (http://localhost:631) |
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| 343 | and choose the appropriate PyKota managed device depending |
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| 344 | on the type of printer you use. For example, if your |
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| 345 | printer is waiting on : |
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| 346 | |
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[1354] | 347 | socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1185] | 348 | |
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| 349 | Then choose : |
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| 350 | |
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[1354] | 351 | cupspykota:socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1185] | 352 | |
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| 353 | Configure your printer as usual. |
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| 354 | |
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[1186] | 355 | Now double check /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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[1600] | 356 | |
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| 357 | You should manually create a section named after the |
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[1402] | 358 | printer you've just added, unless you have set |
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| 359 | all options globally. |
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[1600] | 360 | |
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[1408] | 361 | The new pkhint command can help you with correct settings |
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| 362 | for your printers, but don't rely on it because it is still |
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[1600] | 363 | experimental work. To use pkhint, you have to feed it with |
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| 364 | CUPS' printers.conf file this way : |
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[1186] | 365 | |
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[1600] | 366 | $ pkhint </etc/cups/printers.conf |
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| 367 | |
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| 368 | pkhint will try to tell you what is the best accounting |
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| 369 | method for each printer and will print some lines you'll |
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| 370 | just have to copy&paste in the appropriate sections in |
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| 371 | /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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| 372 | |
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[1185] | 373 | That's all. |
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[952] | 374 | |
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[1185] | 375 | For existing printers : |
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| 376 | |
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[1186] | 377 | If you had already installed a version of PyKota earlier |
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| 378 | than 1.16alpha7, then remove the *cupsFilter lines in your |
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| 379 | PPD files for each printer already managed printers. Each |
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| 380 | line to remove is of the form : |
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[1185] | 381 | |
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[1345] | 382 | *cupsFilter: "application/vnd.cups-postscript 0 /usr/share/pykota/pykota" |
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[1185] | 383 | |
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[1345] | 384 | This means that each time the pstops filter will be executed, it will |
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| 385 | pass the job's data through the pykota filter which is present in |
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| 386 | /usr/share/pykota |
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| 387 | |
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[1185] | 388 | Don't touch anything else, especially any other *cupsFilter line. |
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[1186] | 389 | Then save each of these files. |
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[1185] | 390 | |
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| 391 | Then, the easiest is to directly modify the DeviceURI lines |
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| 392 | in /etc/cups/printers.conf, you just have to put |
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| 393 | 'cupspykota:' in front of what is already on these lines. |
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| 394 | For example, replace : |
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| 395 | |
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[1354] | 396 | DeviceURI socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1185] | 397 | |
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| 398 | with : |
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| 399 | |
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[1354] | 400 | DeviceURI cupspykota:socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1345] | 401 | |
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| 402 | or : |
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[1185] | 403 | |
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[1354] | 404 | DeviceURI cupspykota://socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1345] | 405 | |
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[1185] | 406 | Save the file and restart CUPS. |
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[1600] | 407 | |
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| 408 | Here too, you may find it interesting to use the pkhint command as |
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| 409 | described above to help with manual configuration of the file |
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| 410 | /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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[695] | 411 | |
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[1185] | 412 | - LPRng Printing System : |
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[952] | 413 | |
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[1600] | 414 | For each printer on which you want to use PyKota : |
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| 415 | |
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| 416 | Modify the printer's entry in /etc/printcap : you have to add |
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| 417 | the three following lines : |
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| 418 | |
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[1612] | 419 | :achk=true:\ |
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[1600] | 420 | :as=/usr/share/pykota/lprngpykota:\ |
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| 421 | :ae=/usr/share/pykota/lprngpykota:\ |
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| 422 | |
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| 423 | This will tell LPRng to activate accounting, and use the lprngpykota |
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| 424 | accounting filter both at the start and at the end of printing. |
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| 425 | |
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| 426 | When all modifications are done, just save the /etc/printcap file and |
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| 427 | restart LPRng : |
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| 428 | |
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| 429 | $ /etc/init.d/lprng restart |
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| 430 | |
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| 431 | or : |
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[1500] | 432 | |
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[1600] | 433 | $ /etc/rc.d/init.d/lprng restart |
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| 434 | |
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| 435 | or any similar command depending on your operating system. |
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| 436 | |
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| 437 | NB : the pkhint command can't be used with LPRng for now, so you |
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| 438 | have to modify /etc/pykota/pykota.conf carefully. The comments |
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| 439 | in this file will help you. |
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| 440 | |
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[1186] | 441 | Now you can begin to populate the PyKota's database with printers, |
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| 442 | users and groups : |
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[952] | 443 | |
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[716] | 444 | Add printers and users to the quota system and set their quota values : |
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[695] | 445 | |
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[1345] | 446 | Starting from version 1.18alpha2, the preferred command to manage |
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| 447 | printers is named pkprinters |
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| 448 | |
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| 449 | $ pkprinters --help |
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| 450 | |
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| 451 | will tell you how to create, manage or delete printers and |
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| 452 | printers groups. |
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[1402] | 453 | |
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| 454 | $ pkprinters --add --charge 0.05 hp2100 |
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| 455 | |
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| 456 | would add the printer named hp2100 with a price per page |
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| 457 | of 0.05 unit. |
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[1345] | 458 | |
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[1402] | 459 | Now set quotas for users on this printer : |
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| 460 | |
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[1086] | 461 | $ edpykota --add -P hp2100 -S 40 -H 50 user1 ... userN |
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[724] | 462 | |
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[725] | 463 | launching edpykota without any argument or with the --help |
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| 464 | command line option will show you all the possibilities. |
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[1086] | 465 | |
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| 466 | by default, each user is limited by "quota", this means that on |
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| 467 | each printer he can have a different soft and hard limit. |
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| 468 | You may want to limit the user by his account balance value, |
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[1107] | 469 | in which case, the print quota is shared between all printers |
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[1086] | 470 | instead of being different. To do this, use the following : |
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| 471 | |
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| 472 | $ edpykota --add -P hp2100 --limitby balance --balance 10 user1 ... userN |
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| 473 | |
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| 474 | This will put 10 $ (or Euros, PyKota doesn't care) on each user's account |
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| 475 | balance, and tell PyKota to limit them by their account balance value. |
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| 476 | Whenever they print on any printer, their account balance value is |
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| 477 | decreased by an amount which depends on the particular price per page |
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| 478 | and per job that you may have defined on the printer with edpykota's |
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| 479 | --charge command line option. |
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[1107] | 480 | Soft and Hard limits are not used if "--limitby balance" is used, |
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| 481 | but you can define a "poorman"'s threshold in /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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| 482 | to obtain a similar result (warning message when quota is low). |
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[695] | 483 | |
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[990] | 484 | Restart CUPS or LPRng, for example under Debian GNU/Linux systems : |
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[695] | 485 | |
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[725] | 486 | $ /etc/init.d/cupsys restart |
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[990] | 487 | |
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| 488 | or : |
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| 489 | |
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| 490 | $ /etc/init.d/lprng restart |
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[695] | 491 | |
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| 492 | Your users now should be able to print but not exceed their |
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| 493 | printing quota. |
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| 494 | |
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[1149] | 495 | To see printer quota usage, you can use : |
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[794] | 496 | |
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| 497 | $ repykota --printer lp |
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| 498 | |
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| 499 | or : |
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| 500 | |
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| 501 | $ repykota |
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| 502 | |
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| 503 | which will print quota usage for all users on all printers, |
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[1107] | 504 | along with totals, if you are the root user. If you are |
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| 505 | a regular user, only your own quota report will be produced. |
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[794] | 506 | |
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[1107] | 507 | Quota reports are also available remotely by using the CGI script |
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[1345] | 508 | printquota.cgi provided in the cgi-bin/ subdirectory. You can |
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| 509 | also use the CSS stylesheet present in the stylesheets/ subdirectory |
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[1402] | 510 | and put it at your web server's DocumentRoot, to benefit from a nicer |
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| 511 | look, especially quota violations will appear in different colors. |
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[990] | 512 | |
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[980] | 513 | For different security concerns, please give a look at the SECURITY |
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| 514 | file which is part of this software. |
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[741] | 515 | |
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[695] | 516 | ============================================================ |
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| 517 | |
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[958] | 518 | Mailing list : |
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| 519 | -------------- |
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| 520 | |
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| 521 | A mailing list is dedicated to Pykota, you can subscribe to it |
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| 522 | or consult its archives at : |
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| 523 | |
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| 524 | http://cgi.librelogiciel.com/mailman/listinfo/pykota |
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| 525 | |
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[1600] | 526 | The mailing list is the preferred way to obtain support, because |
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| 527 | all members can help and can also benefit from the solutions |
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| 528 | proposed by other members. |
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| 529 | |
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| 530 | Posts by non-members are usually rejected. |
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| 531 | |
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| 532 | The mailing list language is english and only english. |
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| 533 | |
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[1181] | 534 | IRC : |
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| 535 | ----- |
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| 536 | |
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| 537 | You can also chat with us : |
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| 538 | |
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| 539 | /server irc.freenode.net |
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| 540 | /join #pykota |
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[1600] | 541 | |
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| 542 | Preferred language on this channel is english, but french |
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| 543 | is also accepted. Try to avoid exposing complex problems |
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| 544 | in french because english speaking people on the channel |
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| 545 | wouldn't benefit from the solutions. |
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| 546 | |
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| 547 | PyKota's main author is known as 'tamere' on IRC. |
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[1181] | 548 | |
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[958] | 549 | ============================================================ |
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| 550 | |
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[1107] | 551 | Please e-mail bugs to the mailing list at : pykota@librelogiciel.com |
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| 552 | or to the main author at : alet@librelogiciel.com (Jerome Alet) |
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