[695] | 1 | # $Id$ |
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| 2 | |
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[952] | 3 | PyKota - Print Quota for CUPS and LPRng |
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[695] | 4 | |
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[1257] | 5 | (c) 2003-2004 Jerome Alet <alet@librelogiciel.com> |
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[873] | 6 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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| 7 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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| 8 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
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| 9 | (at your option) any later version. |
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[695] | 10 | |
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[873] | 11 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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| 12 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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| 13 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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| 14 | GNU General Public License for more details. |
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[695] | 15 | |
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[873] | 16 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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| 17 | along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
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| 18 | Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. |
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| 19 | |
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[761] | 20 | ==================================================================== |
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[695] | 21 | |
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[1491] | 22 | NOTE FOR LPRNG USERS : |
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| 23 | |
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| 24 | FROM MAY 21ST 2004 ON, AND UNTIL THIS NOTE IS REMOVED |
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| 25 | FROM THIS FILE, PYKOTA CAN'T BE USED ANYMORE WITH LPRNG. |
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| 26 | |
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[1600] | 27 | LPRNG SUPPORT IS CURRENTLY BEING REWRITTEN, AND YOU CAN |
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| 28 | ALREADY PLAY WITH IT, BUT DON'T USE IT IN PRODUCTION UNTIL |
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| 29 | THIS NOTE IS REMOVED. |
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[1491] | 30 | |
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| 31 | ==================================================================== |
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| 32 | |
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[1052] | 33 | READ SPECIAL LICENSING AND REDISTRIBUTION TERMS IN THE FILE 'LICENSE' |
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[761] | 34 | |
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| 35 | ==================================================================== |
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| 36 | |
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[1154] | 37 | PyKota features : |
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| 38 | ----------------- |
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[695] | 39 | |
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[1154] | 40 | Operating systems : |
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| 41 | |
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| 42 | - Any Unix-like system as print server. |
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| 43 | |
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| 44 | - Any operating system as client. |
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| 45 | |
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| 46 | Printing systems : |
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| 47 | |
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[1283] | 48 | - Supports both CUPS and LPRng as the printing system. |
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[1561] | 49 | |
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[1154] | 50 | Databases : |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | - Supports PostgreSQL as the Quota Storage backend. |
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[1283] | 53 | Complete database creation script in SQL is included. |
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[1043] | 54 | |
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[1154] | 55 | - Supports OpenLDAP as the Quota Storage backend. |
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[1475] | 56 | Complete LDAP schema and sample empty tree are included. |
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[1160] | 57 | Plugging PyKota into your existing LDAP infrastructure |
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| 58 | is really easy thanks to PyKota's great configurability. |
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| 59 | |
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[1154] | 60 | Printers : |
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| 61 | |
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[1475] | 62 | - Hardware or Software accounting methods are completely |
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| 63 | configurable. |
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| 64 | |
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[1154] | 65 | - Supports any printer which can report its internal |
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[1475] | 66 | page counter. Can ask printers for their internal |
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[1561] | 67 | page counter via SNMP, Netatalk, PJL, PS, or any |
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| 68 | other way. |
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[1475] | 69 | This is completely configurable. |
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[1154] | 70 | |
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[1578] | 71 | - Supports DSC compliant PostScript, PDF, PCL5, and |
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[1575] | 72 | PCLXL (aka PCL6) printers natively for software |
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| 73 | accounting methods. More formats to come. |
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[1154] | 74 | |
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| 75 | Quota systems : |
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| 76 | |
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[1260] | 77 | - Supports printers and printers groups quotas. |
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[739] | 78 | |
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[1260] | 79 | - Supports users and users groups quotas. |
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| 80 | |
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[1154] | 81 | - Supports page quotas. |
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| 82 | Page quotas can be set differently on a per printer |
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| 83 | and per user/group basis. |
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[739] | 84 | |
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[1154] | 85 | - Supports account balance quotas in any currency. |
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| 86 | Account balance quotas can be set on a per user |
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| 87 | basis. The account balance is shared amongst |
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[1561] | 88 | all printers. The history of payments (positive |
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| 89 | or negative credits to an user account) is kept. |
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[980] | 90 | |
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[1610] | 91 | - Page quotas and account balance can be set/reset |
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[1154] | 92 | independantly. |
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| 93 | |
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[1603] | 94 | - Page quotas and account balances can be set on |
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| 95 | a per user or per group basis. |
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[1154] | 96 | |
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| 97 | - Price per page and per job can be set differently |
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| 98 | on any printer. |
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[794] | 99 | |
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[1154] | 100 | - Low level of page quota or account balance are |
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| 101 | configurable. |
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[739] | 102 | |
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[1154] | 103 | - Both soft and hard limit with configurable grace delay |
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| 104 | can be set for page quota. |
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[900] | 105 | |
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[1154] | 106 | - Possibility to disable quota enforcement for any user |
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| 107 | or group, while still keeping page accounting. |
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| 108 | |
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| 109 | Administration : |
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| 110 | |
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| 111 | - Powerful administration tools can be used to |
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| 112 | automate setting or resetting of quotas or |
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| 113 | account balances at specific intervals. |
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[925] | 114 | |
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[1154] | 115 | - Administration tools can modify several users, |
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| 116 | groups, or printers at once. |
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[925] | 117 | |
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[1154] | 118 | - Account balances can be set, incremented, or |
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[1580] | 119 | decremented. History of payments is kept. |
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[1153] | 120 | |
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[1273] | 121 | - Both printers and users can be automatically added on |
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| 122 | first print in a completely configurable way. |
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[1154] | 123 | |
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| 124 | - Quota report generator available either from the |
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| 125 | command line or in any web browser. |
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| 126 | The web-based quota report generator can be |
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| 127 | user/password protected. |
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| 128 | |
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| 129 | - Print quote generator can tell users how much |
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| 130 | a print job will cost them in advance. |
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| 131 | |
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| 132 | - Policy with regard to unregistered users can |
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| 133 | be configured for each printer to either deny |
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| 134 | printing, allow printing, or delegate the |
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| 135 | decision to any external tool. |
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| 136 | |
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| 137 | - Warning and error messages can be automatically |
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| 138 | sent via email to the administrator, the user, |
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| 139 | both, or none. |
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| 140 | |
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| 141 | - Warning and error messages' content is completely |
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| 142 | configurable. |
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| 143 | |
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| 144 | - Configuration can be changed without needing to |
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| 145 | restart the printing system. |
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[739] | 146 | |
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[1154] | 147 | - Complete print job history is kept. This can be |
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| 148 | disabled if needed. |
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| 149 | |
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| 150 | - Automated low quota or balance remainder can be |
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| 151 | scheduled regularly or launched manually. |
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| 152 | |
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[1155] | 153 | User Interface : |
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| 154 | |
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[1154] | 155 | - All the command line tools accept the -h | --help |
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| 156 | command line option which prints all the available |
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| 157 | options and show usage examples. |
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[1155] | 158 | |
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| 159 | - Completely internationalized. Actually supports the |
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[1402] | 160 | English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Brasilian, Swedish |
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| 161 | and Italian languages. More to come. |
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[1154] | 162 | |
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| 163 | ==================================================================== |
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| 164 | |
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[739] | 165 | Planned features are described in the TODO file. |
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| 166 | |
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[1507] | 167 | Actually two (or an infinity of) page accounting methods are |
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[980] | 168 | implemented : |
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[695] | 169 | |
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[1475] | 170 | - The 'hardware' method consists in querying the printer (via SNMP |
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[1181] | 171 | or Netatalk or any other method of your choice) for its total pages |
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[1186] | 172 | counter. |
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[980] | 173 | |
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[1600] | 174 | This is done both at the beginning and at the end of a |
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[1186] | 175 | print job. The counters difference is then immediately used to |
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| 176 | decrease the user's account balance or increase his quota usage. |
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| 177 | |
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[1475] | 178 | - The 'software' method consists in delegating the computation of the |
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[980] | 179 | job's size in number of pages to any external command of your choice. |
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| 180 | The command can read the job's data from its standard input and MUST |
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[1186] | 181 | output the job's size on its standard output. Changes to the user |
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[1600] | 182 | account are reported immediately. |
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[980] | 183 | |
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[1600] | 184 | PyKota is known to work fine with most laser printers, either with |
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| 185 | software accounting, or with hardware accounting if the printer |
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| 186 | supports this. |
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[724] | 187 | |
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[695] | 188 | ============================================================ |
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| 189 | |
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| 190 | INSTALLATION: |
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| 191 | ============= |
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| 192 | |
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[1186] | 193 | NB : |
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| 194 | ==== |
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[887] | 195 | |
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[1397] | 196 | You may learn more about PyKota, if it fits your own organization, |
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| 197 | its internal working, and some potential performance drawbacks and |
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| 198 | how to avoid them, in a WiKi administered by Ryan Suarez at : |
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| 199 | |
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| 200 | http://webcrossing.macosxlabs.org/webx?14@30.QAu3a5k0c4z.7@.26bf4661 |
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[1034] | 201 | |
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[714] | 202 | Prerequisite : |
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| 203 | -------------- |
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| 204 | |
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| 205 | You need to have the following tools installed on the CUPS Server : |
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| 206 | |
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[952] | 207 | - CUPS or LPRng |
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[809] | 208 | - Python v2.1 or above |
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[714] | 209 | - eGenix' mxDateTime Python extension |
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[919] | 210 | - SNMP tools (specifically the snmpget command) if you plan to |
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| 211 | request your printer's lifetime page counter via SNMP. |
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| 212 | - Netatalk (specifically the pap command) if you plan to |
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| 213 | request your printer's lifetime page counter via AppleTalk. |
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[1043] | 214 | - PostgreSQL's PygreSQL Python extension and the PostgreSQL client |
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| 215 | libraries if you plan to use PostgreSQL as the Quota Storage |
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| 216 | backend. |
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| 217 | or |
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| 218 | - python-ldap Python module and the OpenLDAP client libraries |
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| 219 | if you plan to use OpenLDAP as the Quota Storage backend. |
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[714] | 220 | |
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[1571] | 221 | On Intel i386 architecture, and for performance reasons if you |
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[1575] | 222 | print in PCL5 or PCL6 format, it is strongly suggested that you |
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| 223 | install the Python accelerator Psyco, available at : |
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[1570] | 224 | |
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| 225 | http://psyco.sourceforge.net |
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| 226 | |
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[1571] | 227 | Under Debian : |
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| 228 | |
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| 229 | $ apt-get install python-psyco |
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| 230 | |
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| 231 | Other architectures may be supported as well in the future, check |
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[1600] | 232 | this on Psyco's website. |
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[1571] | 233 | |
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[1578] | 234 | Installing Psyco is not mandatory, but it will speedup PCL5 parsing |
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[1570] | 235 | by almost 3 times. PostScript and PDF parsing can also benefit, |
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| 236 | but in an almost unnoticeable manner since this part of the code |
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[1575] | 237 | is already optimal. For PCL5 this is a completely different matter, |
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[1570] | 238 | and if you install Psyco you will never regret it ! |
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[1600] | 239 | Same remark applies for PCL6 (aka PCLXL) : the parser is completely |
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| 240 | different, but the performance gain with Psyco is impressive. |
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[1570] | 241 | |
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[1186] | 242 | You may also benefit from having the following tools installed to |
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| 243 | deal with some printers : |
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| 244 | |
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| 245 | - npadmin |
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| 246 | - netcat |
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| 247 | - ghostscript |
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| 248 | |
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[714] | 249 | You need to have the following tools installed on the Quota Storage |
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| 250 | Server : |
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| 251 | |
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| 252 | - PostgreSQL |
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| 253 | |
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[1043] | 254 | or |
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| 255 | |
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| 256 | - OpenLDAP |
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| 257 | |
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[1086] | 258 | NB : |
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| 259 | |
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| 260 | PygreSQL must be linked with the PostgreSQL client libraries on |
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| 261 | the Print Server. The PostgreSQL client libraries' version must |
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| 262 | match the PostgreSQL version used on the Quota Storage Server. |
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[714] | 263 | |
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[1043] | 264 | or |
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| 265 | |
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[1086] | 266 | python-ldap must be linked with the OpenLDAP client libraries on the |
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| 267 | Print Server. The OpenLDAP client libraries' version must match the |
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| 268 | OpenLDAP version used on the Quota Storage Server. |
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[1043] | 269 | |
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[714] | 270 | This list of prerequisite software may change in the future, when |
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| 271 | PyKota will support more functionnalities you will be given |
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| 272 | alternatives. |
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| 273 | |
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[952] | 274 | Of course the Print Server and the Quota Storage Server can be the |
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[851] | 275 | very same machine if you've got a tiny network, or you can have |
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[952] | 276 | multiple Print Servers all storing their quotas on the same Quota |
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[851] | 277 | Storage Server if you've got a bigger network. |
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| 278 | |
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[714] | 279 | Then : |
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| 280 | ------ |
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| 281 | |
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[724] | 282 | Download the latest PyKota version from the CVS tree on : |
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[695] | 283 | |
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[725] | 284 | http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/pykota |
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[695] | 285 | |
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[714] | 286 | Just type : |
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[695] | 287 | |
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[725] | 288 | python setup.py install |
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[695] | 289 | |
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| 290 | You may need to be logged in with sufficient privileges (e.g. root) |
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| 291 | |
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[878] | 292 | The installation script will now automatically check if some software |
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| 293 | is missing and ask you if you still want to proceed with the |
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| 294 | installation or abort it completely. |
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| 295 | |
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[695] | 296 | Go to the initscripts subdirectory of PyKota's sources, and choose |
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[1600] | 297 | the appropriate storage backend for your configuration. Read carefully |
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[695] | 298 | the associated README file and execute the initialization script |
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[878] | 299 | to create an empty PyKota Storage. Upgrade scripts may be |
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| 300 | provided as well. |
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[695] | 301 | |
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[1186] | 302 | Copy the conf/pykota.conf.sample and conf/pykotadmin.conf.sample |
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[1107] | 303 | sample configuration files to /etc/pykota/pykota.conf and |
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[1600] | 304 | /etc/pykota/pykotadmin.conf (the installation script tries to do |
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| 305 | this for you if needed and you agreed to this action). You need to |
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| 306 | adapt these files to your own needs. Especially you may have to create |
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[1186] | 307 | sections named after your own printers, and change the |
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| 308 | administrator's email address which by default is root@localhost. |
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| 309 | Read and try to understand these two very well commented files, |
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| 310 | so that you'll encounter less problems later. |
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[1198] | 311 | |
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| 312 | Also be sure to double check that commands that query printers |
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[1186] | 313 | for their internal page counter work from the command line |
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| 314 | before using them in PyKota's configuration. |
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[695] | 315 | |
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[1186] | 316 | The rest of the installation depends on your printing system : |
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| 317 | |
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[1185] | 318 | - CUPS Printing System : |
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[952] | 319 | |
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[1185] | 320 | Once and for all : |
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[952] | 321 | |
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[1185] | 322 | Create a symbolic link to the cupspykota backend |
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| 323 | in CUPS's backend directory : |
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| 324 | |
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| 325 | $ cd /usr/lib/cups/backend |
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[1345] | 326 | $ ln -s /usr/share/pykota/cupspykota cupspykota |
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[1185] | 327 | |
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| 328 | Restart CUPS so that the new backend can be detected. |
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| 329 | |
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| 330 | $ /etc/init.d/cupsys restart |
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| 331 | |
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[1600] | 332 | or : |
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| 333 | |
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| 334 | $ /etc/rc.d/init.d/cupsysrestart |
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| 335 | |
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| 336 | or any similar command depending on your operating system. |
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| 337 | |
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[1185] | 338 | For new printers : |
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[952] | 339 | |
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[1185] | 340 | Go to CUPS management interface (http://localhost:631) |
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| 341 | and choose the appropriate PyKota managed device depending |
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| 342 | on the type of printer you use. For example, if your |
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| 343 | printer is waiting on : |
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| 344 | |
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[1354] | 345 | socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1185] | 346 | |
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| 347 | Then choose : |
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| 348 | |
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[1354] | 349 | cupspykota:socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1185] | 350 | |
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| 351 | Configure your printer as usual. |
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| 352 | |
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[1186] | 353 | Now double check /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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[1600] | 354 | |
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| 355 | You should manually create a section named after the |
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[1402] | 356 | printer you've just added, unless you have set |
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| 357 | all options globally. |
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[1600] | 358 | |
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[1408] | 359 | The new pkhint command can help you with correct settings |
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| 360 | for your printers, but don't rely on it because it is still |
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[1600] | 361 | experimental work. To use pkhint, you have to feed it with |
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| 362 | CUPS' printers.conf file this way : |
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[1186] | 363 | |
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[1600] | 364 | $ pkhint </etc/cups/printers.conf |
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| 365 | |
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| 366 | pkhint will try to tell you what is the best accounting |
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| 367 | method for each printer and will print some lines you'll |
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| 368 | just have to copy&paste in the appropriate sections in |
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| 369 | /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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| 370 | |
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[1185] | 371 | That's all. |
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[952] | 372 | |
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[1185] | 373 | For existing printers : |
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| 374 | |
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[1186] | 375 | If you had already installed a version of PyKota earlier |
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| 376 | than 1.16alpha7, then remove the *cupsFilter lines in your |
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| 377 | PPD files for each printer already managed printers. Each |
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| 378 | line to remove is of the form : |
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[1185] | 379 | |
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[1345] | 380 | *cupsFilter: "application/vnd.cups-postscript 0 /usr/share/pykota/pykota" |
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[1185] | 381 | |
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[1345] | 382 | This means that each time the pstops filter will be executed, it will |
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| 383 | pass the job's data through the pykota filter which is present in |
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| 384 | /usr/share/pykota |
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| 385 | |
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[1185] | 386 | Don't touch anything else, especially any other *cupsFilter line. |
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[1186] | 387 | Then save each of these files. |
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[1185] | 388 | |
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| 389 | Then, the easiest is to directly modify the DeviceURI lines |
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| 390 | in /etc/cups/printers.conf, you just have to put |
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| 391 | 'cupspykota:' in front of what is already on these lines. |
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| 392 | For example, replace : |
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| 393 | |
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[1354] | 394 | DeviceURI socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1185] | 395 | |
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| 396 | with : |
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| 397 | |
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[1354] | 398 | DeviceURI cupspykota:socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1345] | 399 | |
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| 400 | or : |
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[1185] | 401 | |
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[1354] | 402 | DeviceURI cupspykota://socket://myprinter.example.com:9100 |
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[1345] | 403 | |
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[1185] | 404 | Save the file and restart CUPS. |
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[1600] | 405 | |
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| 406 | Here too, you may find it interesting to use the pkhint command as |
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| 407 | described above to help with manual configuration of the file |
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| 408 | /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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[695] | 409 | |
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[1185] | 410 | - LPRng Printing System : |
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[952] | 411 | |
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[1600] | 412 | For each printer on which you want to use PyKota : |
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| 413 | |
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| 414 | Modify the printer's entry in /etc/printcap : you have to add |
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| 415 | the three following lines : |
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| 416 | |
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[1612] | 417 | :achk=true:\ |
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[1600] | 418 | :as=/usr/share/pykota/lprngpykota:\ |
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| 419 | :ae=/usr/share/pykota/lprngpykota:\ |
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| 420 | |
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| 421 | This will tell LPRng to activate accounting, and use the lprngpykota |
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| 422 | accounting filter both at the start and at the end of printing. |
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| 423 | |
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| 424 | When all modifications are done, just save the /etc/printcap file and |
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| 425 | restart LPRng : |
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| 426 | |
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| 427 | $ /etc/init.d/lprng restart |
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| 428 | |
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| 429 | or : |
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[1500] | 430 | |
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[1600] | 431 | $ /etc/rc.d/init.d/lprng restart |
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| 432 | |
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| 433 | or any similar command depending on your operating system. |
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| 434 | |
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| 435 | NB : the pkhint command can't be used with LPRng for now, so you |
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| 436 | have to modify /etc/pykota/pykota.conf carefully. The comments |
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| 437 | in this file will help you. |
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| 438 | |
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[1186] | 439 | Now you can begin to populate the PyKota's database with printers, |
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| 440 | users and groups : |
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[952] | 441 | |
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[716] | 442 | Add printers and users to the quota system and set their quota values : |
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[695] | 443 | |
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[1345] | 444 | Starting from version 1.18alpha2, the preferred command to manage |
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| 445 | printers is named pkprinters |
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| 446 | |
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| 447 | $ pkprinters --help |
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| 448 | |
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| 449 | will tell you how to create, manage or delete printers and |
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| 450 | printers groups. |
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[1402] | 451 | |
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| 452 | $ pkprinters --add --charge 0.05 hp2100 |
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| 453 | |
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| 454 | would add the printer named hp2100 with a price per page |
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| 455 | of 0.05 unit. |
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[1345] | 456 | |
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[1402] | 457 | Now set quotas for users on this printer : |
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| 458 | |
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[1086] | 459 | $ edpykota --add -P hp2100 -S 40 -H 50 user1 ... userN |
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[724] | 460 | |
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[725] | 461 | launching edpykota without any argument or with the --help |
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| 462 | command line option will show you all the possibilities. |
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[1086] | 463 | |
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| 464 | by default, each user is limited by "quota", this means that on |
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| 465 | each printer he can have a different soft and hard limit. |
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| 466 | You may want to limit the user by his account balance value, |
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[1107] | 467 | in which case, the print quota is shared between all printers |
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[1086] | 468 | instead of being different. To do this, use the following : |
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| 469 | |
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| 470 | $ edpykota --add -P hp2100 --limitby balance --balance 10 user1 ... userN |
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| 471 | |
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| 472 | This will put 10 $ (or Euros, PyKota doesn't care) on each user's account |
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| 473 | balance, and tell PyKota to limit them by their account balance value. |
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| 474 | Whenever they print on any printer, their account balance value is |
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| 475 | decreased by an amount which depends on the particular price per page |
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| 476 | and per job that you may have defined on the printer with edpykota's |
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| 477 | --charge command line option. |
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[1107] | 478 | Soft and Hard limits are not used if "--limitby balance" is used, |
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| 479 | but you can define a "poorman"'s threshold in /etc/pykota/pykota.conf |
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| 480 | to obtain a similar result (warning message when quota is low). |
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[695] | 481 | |
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[990] | 482 | Restart CUPS or LPRng, for example under Debian GNU/Linux systems : |
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[695] | 483 | |
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[725] | 484 | $ /etc/init.d/cupsys restart |
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[990] | 485 | |
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| 486 | or : |
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| 487 | |
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| 488 | $ /etc/init.d/lprng restart |
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[695] | 489 | |
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| 490 | Your users now should be able to print but not exceed their |
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| 491 | printing quota. |
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| 492 | |
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[1149] | 493 | To see printer quota usage, you can use : |
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[794] | 494 | |
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| 495 | $ repykota --printer lp |
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| 496 | |
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| 497 | or : |
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| 498 | |
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| 499 | $ repykota |
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| 500 | |
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| 501 | which will print quota usage for all users on all printers, |
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[1107] | 502 | along with totals, if you are the root user. If you are |
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| 503 | a regular user, only your own quota report will be produced. |
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[794] | 504 | |
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[1107] | 505 | Quota reports are also available remotely by using the CGI script |
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[1345] | 506 | printquota.cgi provided in the cgi-bin/ subdirectory. You can |
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| 507 | also use the CSS stylesheet present in the stylesheets/ subdirectory |
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[1402] | 508 | and put it at your web server's DocumentRoot, to benefit from a nicer |
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| 509 | look, especially quota violations will appear in different colors. |
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[990] | 510 | |
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[980] | 511 | For different security concerns, please give a look at the SECURITY |
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| 512 | file which is part of this software. |
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[741] | 513 | |
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[695] | 514 | ============================================================ |
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| 515 | |
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[958] | 516 | Mailing list : |
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| 517 | -------------- |
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| 518 | |
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| 519 | A mailing list is dedicated to Pykota, you can subscribe to it |
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| 520 | or consult its archives at : |
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| 521 | |
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| 522 | http://cgi.librelogiciel.com/mailman/listinfo/pykota |
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| 523 | |
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[1600] | 524 | The mailing list is the preferred way to obtain support, because |
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| 525 | all members can help and can also benefit from the solutions |
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| 526 | proposed by other members. |
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| 527 | |
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| 528 | Posts by non-members are usually rejected. |
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| 529 | |
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| 530 | The mailing list language is english and only english. |
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| 531 | |
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[1181] | 532 | IRC : |
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| 533 | ----- |
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| 534 | |
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| 535 | You can also chat with us : |
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| 536 | |
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| 537 | /server irc.freenode.net |
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| 538 | /join #pykota |
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[1600] | 539 | |
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| 540 | Preferred language on this channel is english, but french |
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| 541 | is also accepted. Try to avoid exposing complex problems |
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| 542 | in french because english speaking people on the channel |
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| 543 | wouldn't benefit from the solutions. |
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| 544 | |
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| 545 | PyKota's main author is known as 'tamere' on IRC. |
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[1181] | 546 | |
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[958] | 547 | ============================================================ |
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| 548 | |
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[1107] | 549 | Please e-mail bugs to the mailing list at : pykota@librelogiciel.com |
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| 550 | or to the main author at : alet@librelogiciel.com (Jerome Alet) |
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